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Film Language

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At the root of all film studies is a recognition that films are made: they are constructed using the language of film - a range of elements – cinematography, mise-en-scène, sound, editing and performance (the key elements of film form) – which are organised structurally in terms of narrative and often genre (the structural elements of film form). How filmmakers use these elements, frequently in complex and highly artistic ways, is a large part of what constitutes the formal study of film. 

(Eduqas Specification 2017+)

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Each link below contains the resources that will take you through each of the five key elements in detail. Also below are a selection of general video tutorials on film that will introduce you to the topics we will be covering over the next two years.

The Key Elements of Film

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mise en scene

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cinematography

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editing

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performance

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Film History: Contemporary Cinema - Timeline of Cinema Ep. 6
08:12
Ministry Of Cinema

Film History: Contemporary Cinema - Timeline of Cinema Ep. 6

Do you love movies? Maybe you'll love the history of movies as well. Learn about Contemporary Cinema with Ministry of Cinema! In this episode, we discuss Contemporary Cinema, the modern landscape of cinema, its transformation through digital technology, and the domination of global cinema. Our film spotlight focuses on Wong Kar-wai’s lush and emotive film, In the Mood for Love. **We're happy to announce we are no longer enabling YouTube Ads on "A Timeline of World Cinema". Please help us out by using our Amazon Affiliate links, giving us a "Like," and Sharing with your friends! You can watch most of the films referenced in this video and our other videos with Amazon Prime. Don't have Amazon Prime? Sign up for a 30-Day FREE trial using our link: http://ministryofcinema.com/tryamznprime Are you a college student? Get Amazon Prime Student for 6 Months Free and 50% OFF if you decide to keep it: http://ministryofcinema.com/amznstudent Harry Potter Saga: http://amzn.to/2qql9bE The Avengers: http://amzn.to/2rdg1IM King Kong: http://amzn.to/2qqbsKj Jurassic Park: http://amzn.to/2qqjOBw Independence Day: http://amzn.to/2rdg6MA Skyfall: http://amzn.to/2roKlNu Pirates of the Caribbean: http://amzn.to/2rdO96Y Avatar: http://amzn.to/2roHS5X Gone with the Wind: http://amzn.to/2rdOaYW The Twilight Saga: http://amzn.to/2qqcQws Ice Age: http://amzn.to/2rdQgYz Agent's of S.H.I.E.L.D.: http://amzn.to/2qq0ZOD Sex, Lies, and Videotape: http://amzn.to/2qpMKZR Clerks: http://amzn.to/2roVCO3 Shakespeare in Love: http://amzn.to/2rdz0Tt The English Patient: http://amzn.to/2roHTa5 The Inglorious Basterds: http://amzn.to/2roNehg The Artist: http://amzn.to/2qPkmBT The Grandmaster: http://amzn.to/2qtPXpG Cache: http://amzn.to/2pUyftF Melancholia: http://amzn.to/2roOvFc Pan's Labyrinth: http://amzn.to/2qPHvUK Children of Men: http://amzn.to/2roHaW5 Spirited Away: http://amzn.to/2qpSyT6 Yi Yi: http://amzn.to/2qqkQxo Syndromes and a Century: http://amzn.to/2qqpVWi In the Mood for Love: http://amzn.to/2rdBTn2 Brian's Song: http://amzn.to/2qpSlzH Jaws: http://amzn.to/2rdscVK How to Train Your Dragon: http://amzn.to/2qPh3uK The Thief of Bagdad: http://amzn.to/2qP5TWw The Matrix: http://amzn.to/2roTsxT The Hobbit: http://amzn.to/2qtWIrH The Dark Knight: http://amzn.to/2roKMHE Alice in Wonderland: http://amzn.to/2rdUqzU Gravity: http://amzn.to/2pSGgzY 2001: A Space Odyssey: http://amzn.to/2quf9fN There Will Be Blood: http://amzn.to/2pUE9er Titanic: http://amzn.to/2qu9VRn The Jazz Singer: http://amzn.to/2qPnei9 The Wizard of Oz: http://amzn.to/2qPmFFi It Happened One Night: http://amzn.to/2rdWqbj *NEW* Leave Feedback on this Video: http://ministrycinema.com/ToC6 *NEW* Contribute Subtitles: http://www.youtube.com/timedtext_video?v=9FFpxGMu9x4&ref=share We'd love if you subscribed on YouTube!: http://bitly.com/SubscribeMoC Follow Us: @ministrycinema http://fb.me/MinistryOfCinema Learn more film history on YouTube!: https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uavggssb_rM&list=PLRtzd5eoxQ14Xcc3SmHgYFaqPfcpn_kn9&index=1 Ministry of Cinema is a small, independent studio based in Austin, TX. By small, we mean really small–like only a few guys working at home. And by independent, we mean we are broke. Our mission is to spread our love of cinema however we can. http://ministryofcinema.com | http://timelineofcinema.com Ministry of Cinema | VisualsAffect is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon. We gain a small commission on items you purchase using our special links at no additional cost to you. ©2013-2017 Ministry of Cinema | VisualsAffect LLC. All Rights Reserved. #FilmHistory #FilmEducation #TimelineOfCinema #LearnFilm _____________________________________________ This video contains "Pamgaea" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This video contains "Black Vortex" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This video contains "Electrodoodle" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ This video contains "Fairytale Waltz" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/ "Prelude No. 7" by Chris Zabriskie (http://chriszabriskie.com/), used under Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/) This video contains "Avant Jazz" by Kevin MacLeod (incompetech.com) Licensed under Creative Commons: By Attribution 3.0 http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
Art of the Opening Scene — How to Start a Movie 6 Different Ways, From Nolan to Baumbach
15:00
StudioBinder

Art of the Opening Scene — How to Start a Movie 6 Different Ways, From Nolan to Baumbach

The Art of the Opening Scene — six methods of how to start a movie using character introductions, character dynamics, cold opens, and genre rules. 25 Best Opening Scenes in Movies ►► http://bit.ly/op-sc 2001 Dawn of Man Video ►► http://bit.ly/2001-dom StudioBinder Screenwriting Software ►► http://bit.ly/sb-sw Chapters: 00:00 Intro — The Opening Scene 01:20 Technique 1: Enter the Villain 02:07 Technique 2: Enter the Hero 03:39 Technique 3: Establish Relationships 05:17 Technique 4: Plot Catalyst 07:03 Technique 5: Follow Genre 08:24 Technique 6: Flip Genre 10:40 Flashbacks 10:52 Flash-forwards 11:27 Dreams 11:53 Metaphors 12:15 Bookends 12:30 Red Herrings 13:17 MacGuffins 13:48 Final Takeaways How to start a movie — obviously, there is no single answer to that question but there are ways to find the perfect opening scene. The first scene in any story has a great burden placed on it and the decision of how to open a movie should be given careful consideration. In this video essay on the art of the opening scene, we will examine six methods that illustrate the various ways to begin a movie. Let’s start with how to introduce a villain or hero. When the ensuing story follows the combative relationship between a hero and villain, it can be advantageous to make those introductions as soon as possible. Especially, in the case of The Dark Knight — when we already know plenty about Batman from the earlier film — setting up his primary adversary for this chapter sets the bar for what he will be facing for the rest of the film. In Skyfall, even though we had our formal introduction to James Bond in Casino Royale, we can add a new layer onto both his characterization and plant a story problem for him in this new chapter. In Marriage Story, writer/director Noah Baumbach shows us how to start a movie with pure characterization. We are introduced right away to Charlie and Nicole with an extended montage of their personalities, and a brief history of their marriage. For this movie, this opening scene is perfectly suited to give us as much information and sympathy about this couple before we see their separation and divorce for the rest of the film. Without this opening sequence, our ability to sympathize can decrease. In Uncut Gems, we skip the character introduction altogether and begin with the plot device that will kickstart and motivate the characters throughout. The opening scene takes place in an Ethiopian mine where a rare and mystical gem is unearthed. The power and influence this gem has is given center stage before we meet any characters. Finally, in La La Land and Get Out, we have two genre films (musical and horror, respectively) that begin with opening scenes meant to obey and break their genre rules. In La La Land, before the main character introductions, we get an explosive opening sequence full of bright colors, elaborate choreography, and a mix of fantasy and reality that musicals are known for. In Get Out, we have a mix of tones in the opening scene: both comedy and horror. This hybridization of the genres clues us in that the following movie will meet but also challenge the pre-established genre rules. Whether you choose a character introduction, establish the character dynamics between the main characters, or set up the genre, how you begin a movie matters. #FilmTheory #VideoEssay #Filmmaking — Songs used: "Also Sprach Zarathustra" - Richard Strauss "Rainy Night in Tallinn" - Ludwig Göransson "Exit Strategy" - Alternate Endings "The A400 Intro" - Joe Kraemer "Bank Robbery (Prologue)" - Hans Zimmer & James Newton Howard "Grand Bazaar, Istanbul" - Thomas Newman "Skyfall (Instrumental Cover)" - Adele "What I Love About Nicole" - Randy Newman "What I Love About Charlie" - Randy Newman "A Time For Love" - Bill Evans "The Ballad Of Howie Bling" - Daniel Lopatin "Uncut Gems" - Daniel Lopatin "High Life" - Daniel Lopatin "Another Day of Sun" - La La Land OST "Sikiliza Kwa Wahenga" - Michael Abels "Run Rabbit Run" - Flanagan and Allen "Hold Your Breath" - Astyria "Roller Skates" - Virgil Arles Music by Artlist ► https://utm.io/umJx Music by Artgrid ► https://utm.io/umJy Music by Soundstripe ► http://bit.ly/2IXwomF Music by Music Vine ► http://bit.ly/2IUE0pT Music by MusicBed ► http://bit.ly/2Fnz9Zq — SUBSCRIBE to StudioBinder’s YouTube channel! ►► http://bit.ly/2hksYO0 Looking for a project management platform for your filmmaking? StudioBinder is an intuitive project management solution for video creatives; create shooting schedules, breakdowns, production calendars, shot lists, storyboards, call sheets and more. Try StudioBinder for FREE today: https://studiobinder.com/pricing — Join us on Social Media! — Instagram ►► https://www.instagram.com/studiobinder Facebook ►► https://www.facebook.com/studiobinderapp Twitter ►► https://www.twitter.com/studiobinder
Art of the Opening Scene Pt. 3 — 6 More Ways to Start a Movie, From Fincher to Villeneuve
14:30
StudioBinder

Art of the Opening Scene Pt. 3 — 6 More Ways to Start a Movie, From Fincher to Villeneuve

Opening Scenes Pt. 3 — we explore 6 more ways to begin a movie, including a newsreel, the crime, a tragedy, the setting, a day in the life, and direct address. How to Start a Script ►► https://bit.ly/ht-ss StudioBinder Free Screenwriting Software ►► http://bit.ly/scriptwriting-app ───────────────────── Chapters: 00:00 Intro — Opening Scene Techniques 00:43 The Newsreel 02:56 The Crime 04:43 The Tragedy 07:09 The Setting 09:22 A Day in the Life 11:44 Direct Address ───────────────────── Movie opening scenes have a big responsibility to set the tone, establish characters, and essentially convince the audience to go along for the ride. In the previous episodes of this mini-series on the opening scene, we covered techniques like introducing the villain or employing a flashforward. In Art of the Opening Scene Pt. 3, we’ll tackle six more opening scene techniques. One way to begin a movie is to use a newsreel, or newscast, to present the audience with pure exposition. This is an opening scene technique designed to deliver as much information as possible, especially when dealing with a high-concept premise like Children of Men. In this opening scene, we hear two bits of critical information, setting us up for how they will inform the plot. The next opening scene technique starts with “the crime.” Often a murder, this event is what kickstarts the plot and turns the audience into witnesses. For Zodiac, David Fincher and screenwriter James Vanderbilt go to great lengths to recreate one of Zodiac’s first killings. This thrusts us into the story and we understand firsthand what Graysmith and the detectives are up against. You can also begin a movie with a tragedy. Usually, we see this in the death of a family member but no matter the event, the emotional impact will follow the character through the main plot. In Arrival, we see Louise lose her daughter to illness, so when she later encounters the aliens and starts having flashbacks, we start connecting the dots. The first scene in a script can also establish the setting of the film, which often functions as a character of its own. Think of the ghostly tour of the Nostromo in Ridley Scott’s Alien or how we see the juxtaposition of two worlds (space and Earth) in WALL-E. This is a particularly effective option to begin a movie when the setting is much more than just a location. You can also opt for opening sequences that follow a “day in the life” of the main character. Perfect for character-driven stories, especially those in which their routine is disrupted by the subsequent plot. For example, in Stranger Than Fiction, we get a precise, mathematical breakdown of Harold’s routine which sets a baseline for all the chaos that gets thrown at him later. The final technique for an opening scene is direct address, otherwise known as breaking the fourth wall. Having a character speak directly to us collapses the distance between the world of the film and the world of the audience. Suddenly, we are part of the story and the hope is that our engagement is connected instantly. These are just six options for opening scenes to movies that fit the story they’re trying to tell. With these options under your belt, you’ll be able to begin a movie with the perfect opening scene. #FilmTheory #VideoEssay #Filmmaking ───────────────────── ♬ SONGS USED: "Exit Strategy" - Alternate Endings "Up With Titles" - Up OST "Fragments of a Prayer" - John Tavener / Children of Men OST "Blancs Tale, Pt. II" - Nathan Johnson / Knives Out OST "String Quartet in G Minor" - Knives Out OST "Hurdy Gurdy Man" - Donovan "Aftermaths" - Zodiac OST "Outlandia" - Falls "On the Nature of Daylight" - Max Richter / Arrival OST "War Dance" - Rhythm Scott "Main Title" - Jerry Goldsmith / Alien OST "Put On Your Sunday Clothes" - Walter Matthau, Michael Crawford and Louis Armstrong "Space Dance" - WALL-E OST "Coconut Island" - King Flamingo "Suddenly I See" - KT Tunstall "The Way We Get By" - Spoon "The Dopeness" - Nicholas Britell / The Big Short OST "Boring Old Banking" - Nicholas Britell / The Big Short OST "Lewis Ranieri" - Nicholas Britell / The Big Short OST "Big Timer (Instrumental)" - Marcus Meston Music by Artlist ► https://utm.io/umJx Music by Artgrid ► https://utm.io/umJy Music by Soundstripe ► http://bit.ly/2IXwomF Music by MusicBed ► http://bit.ly/2Fnz9Zq ───────────────────── SUBSCRIBE to StudioBinder’s YouTube channel! ►► http://bit.ly/2hksYO0 Looking for a project management platform for your filmmaking? StudioBinder is an intuitive project management solution for video creatives; create shooting schedules, breakdowns, production calendars, shot lists, storyboards, call sheets and more. Try StudioBinder for FREE today: https://studiobinder.com/pricing — Join us on Social Media! — Instagram ►► https://www.instagram.com/studiobinder Facebook ►► https://www.facebook.com/studiobinderapp Twitter ►► https://www.twitter.com/studiobinder
Art of the Opening Scene Pt. 2 — 6 More Ways to Begin a Movie, From Scorsese to Tarantino
17:28
StudioBinder

Art of the Opening Scene Pt. 2 — 6 More Ways to Begin a Movie, From Scorsese to Tarantino

Opening scene breakdown with six more options for how to begin a movie. Screenplay Opening Scene Examples ►► https://bit.ly/3nL4Ou3 StudioBinder Free Screenwriting Software ►► http://bit.ly/scriptwriting-app ───────────────────── Chapters: 00:00 - Intro — How to Begin a Movie 00:47 - Flashback Scene 03:05 - Flash Forward 05:20 - In Medias Res 07:45 - Dream Sequence 10:16 - Bookend Scenes 12:54 - Red Herring 15:42 - Exercise — Hybrid Opening Scenes ───────────────────── The opening scene can make or break a movie. That makes knowing how to begin a movie extremely important for screenwriters. In the last episode of this mini-series on opening sequences, we covered six types of opening scenes. This time, we’re covering six more, including the dream sequence, red herring, flash forward, in medias res, flashback, and bookend. The flashback scene is a great way to begin a movie. The best opening scenes that begin in the past isolate a formative moment for the protagonist or antagonist. These scenes highlight what motivates them or haunts them throughout their character development. Instead of starting in the past, flash forward scenes throw us into the future. This is a moment in the story, either from the middle or even the very end, that sparks the question: how will we get there? Similar to the flash forward opening scene is in medias res. For in medias res movies, we also begin in what seems to be the middle of the story. Often, these opening scenes skip over what would have been the first act and inciting incident in a traditional story. Unlike the flash forward, though, in medias res openings do very little (or nothing at all) to fill in what we missed. They simply start in the middle and keep going from there. The dream sequence opening scene is fairly self-explanatory — but WHAT you decide to use them for varies greatly. Most of the time, the dream sequence opening scene is used to pinpoint some deep and active psychological concern for the protagonist. It shows us what they are working on internally, which may or may not have direct bearing on the plot thereafter. The bookend is an example of how to open a movie with imagery, scenes, or ideas that also close out the film. This creates a “circular” narrative that either illuminates how much or how little a character has changed. Finally, the red herring opening scene is an excellent way to begin a movie. This is especially important when dealing with movies that employ a surprise ending. By immediately planting a false clue, the audience will be less likely to assume there is any sort of deception. That way, when the truth is finally revealed, they will be even more shocked. How to begin a movie is perhaps one of the most difficult decisions. However, by knowing your options for opening sequences and how they work, you’ll be able to better choose the best first scene. #FilmTheory #VideoEssay #Filmmaking ───────────────────── ♬ SONGS USED: "Hey Pluto" - Native Rebels "Exit Strategy" - Alternate Endings "Help Me" - Lost Ghosts "Only One Spider-Man" - Daniel Pemberton "Sincerely" - The Moonglows "The Alien" - Annihilation OST "Casino" - Mathaus Passion "Dust My Broom" - Elmore James "Track 1" - The Cell Soundtrack "Everything Thing in its Right Place" - Radiohead "From Rusholme with Love" - Mint Royale "Svefn-G-Englar" - Sigur Ros "Hang me, Oh Hang Me" - Oscar Isaac "What Have We Done to Each Other" - Trent Reznor & Atticus Ross "Consummation" - Trent Reznor & Atticus Ross "The Big Smoke" - Audiomachine "Gehenna" - 1917 OST "Prelude" - Bernard Herrmann "Symphony No.3 Passacaglia" - Allegro Moderato "Old Skool (Instrumental)" - DaMarcus Van Buren Music by Artlist ► https://utm.io/umJx Music by Artgrid ► https://utm.io/umJy Music by Soundstripe ► http://bit.ly/2IXwomF Music by MusicBed ► http://bit.ly/2Fnz9Zq ───────────────────── SUBSCRIBE to StudioBinder’s YouTube channel! ►► http://bit.ly/2hksYO0 Looking for a project management platform for your filmmaking? StudioBinder is an intuitive project management solution for video creatives; create shooting schedules, breakdowns, production calendars, shot lists, storyboards, call sheets and more. Try StudioBinder for FREE today: https://studiobinder.com/pricing — Join us on Social Media! — Instagram ►► https://www.instagram.com/studiobinder Facebook ►► https://www.facebook.com/studiobinderapp Twitter ►► https://www.twitter.com/studiobinder
Top 10 Practical Movie Effects of All Time
10:42
CineFix - IGN Movies and TV

Top 10 Practical Movie Effects of All Time

CGI Effects are amazing, mind-blowing, and all over the place in Hollywood. But it's amazing what can, and has, been accomplished without the aid of a computer. Subscribe: http://goo.gl/9AGRm Here's our list of the 10 best Practical Effects in movie history, some are classics, some are surprisingly contemporary. What did you think of the list? Any of these effects you were surprised weren't CGI? Any favorite practical effects you think we left off the list? What other movie topics should we cover in future lists? Let us know in the comments! THE LIST The Lord of the Rings Trilogy (2001-2003) Sure, there were a lot of CGI effects in this film series, but you'd be surprised how many camera tricks helped the production along. An American Werewolf in London (1981) The man-to-wolf transformation involved makeup effects truly unprescedented scale. The Thing (1982) The sheer volume and quality of creature work here will blow your mind, and give you nightmares The Ten Commandments (1956) The parting of the Red Sea involved thousands of gallons of water, rather than thousands of gigabytes of data, and is all the more impressive for it. Star Wars: A New Hope (1977) The artists at Industrial Light and Magic made the Star Destroyers, Millennium Falcon, and every creature in that movie come to life for a generation of fans. Jason and the Argonauts (1963) The skeleton fight took several months for Ray Harryhausen to complete 2001: A Space Odyssey (1968) The trippy stargate effect was accomplished completely in-camera. Royal Wedding (1951) It still boggles the mind how they pulled off this Fred Asaire dance number The Dark Knight Rises (2012) There were plenty of digital effects available to Christopher Nolan to create the plane heist in this movie. But nope, all practical Terminator 2: Judgement Day (1991) There was a lot visually impressive in this movie, but we were blown away by a subtle little practical effect. Our friends over at IndieWire put together some seriously inspired MOVIE LISTS: http://bit.ly/12x0UpF and CineFix is bringing 'em to life!

Independent Study Resources

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